2. How much epinephrine do you need to produce vasoconstriction? How long does it take for epinephrine to work? (PRS 1973; 51:129)
Answer:
Epinephrine at 1:800,000 is sufficient for vasoconstriction. There is no difference in bleeding amount or duration compared to greater concentrations up to 1:100,000. One needs to wait 7 minutes for onset.