Answer:
TNM system for breast cancer:
T0 = no evidence of primary tumor
Tis = Carcinoma in situ,
T1 = Tumor <2 cm in greatest dimension
T2 = Tumor >2 cm but < 5 cm
T3 = Tumor > 5cm in greatest dimension
T4 = Tumor with direct extension to chest wall or skin
Nx = Nodes cannot be assessed (previously removed, or not removed for path study)
No = No node mets
N1 = Mets to movable ipsilateral nodes
N2 = Mets to ipsilateral nodes that are fixed to one another or to other structures
N3 = Mets to ipsilateral internal mammary nodes
Mx = Distant mets cannot be assessed
M0 = No mets
M1 = Distant mets (including ipsilateral supraclavicular nodes)
Stage 0 = Tis N0 M0
Stage I = T1 N0 M0
Stage IIA = T0 N1 M0
T1 N1 M0
T2 N0 M0
Stage IIB = T2 N1 M0
T3 N0 M0
Stage IIIA = T0,T1,T2 N2 M0
T3 N1,N2 M0
Stage IIIB = T4 Any N M0
Any T N3 M0
Stage IV = Any T Any N M1
Lesions which increase risk of breast cancer:
5 times increase: atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, diffuse papillomatosis with atypia
10 times increase: CIS
11 times increase: atypia with history
A woman’s relative risk of developing breast cancer is 1.8 if her mother had breast cancer, 2.5 if one sister had breast cancer, and 5.6 if both her mother and sister had breast cancer.