Answer:
The most conspicuous deformity of HFM is the hypoplasia of the mandible on the affected side. Ramus and condyle malformations vary from minimal hypoplasia to complete agenesis of the mandible. Other deformities include hypoplasia of the muscles of mastication, arrhinencephaly, congenital opthalmoplegia, facial paralysis, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, etc. Mental retardation may be a part of the syndrome. There is usually no evidence of genetic transmission.
Different centers have differing approaches to the problem.
The NYU program has the following time table:
< 1 yr - Infant soft tissue surgery
< 3 yr - Correction of forehead deformity or orbital dystopia.
< 6 yr - Reconstructive jaw surgery
> 8 yr - Contour restoration with onlay bone grafts.
> 12 yrs - Further reconstructive jaw surgery