Craniofacial Syndromes

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For each syndrome below, describe the common physical findings of the head, associated physical findings, genetic mode of transmission if any, the mental status of the patient, and the timing of the operation.

1.  Apert's

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2.  Crouzon

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3.  Tessier's cleft classification

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4.  Treacher Collins

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5.  Romberg

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6.  Hemifacial microsomia

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7.  Hypertelorism

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8.  Binder's

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9.  Pfeiffer's

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10.  Carpenter's

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11.  Saethre-Chotzen

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12.  Down's Syndrome

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13.  Fibrous dysplasia

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For the following synostoses, describe the patient's head shape.  What suture is involved?  Is intracranial pressure increased?  What operation is done for this?  What syndromes is this craniosynostosis associated with?

14. Scaphocephaly

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15.  Plagiocephaly

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16.  Trigonocephaly

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17.  Brachycephaly

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18.Oxycephaly

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19.  Why do we operate on craniosynostoses?  Does insurance cover this?  What is the relapse rate?

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