2. Discuss the techniques of otoplasty by Mustarde and Stenstrom.  What is the conchal-mastoid technique of Furnas?

Answer:
The common abnormalities in the prominent ear are an overdeveloped concha, underdeveloped or absent antihelical fold, or a combination of the two.  Mustarde described placing conchoscaphal sutures to create the antihelical fold.  These permanent mattress sutures are placed posteriorly through the full thickness of scaphal and conchal cartilage on either side of the antihelix.  The sutures are tied only tight enough to create the fold, not to have the cartilage surfaces meet.

Stenstrom made a small postauricular incision and placed an otoabrader to rasp the anterior surface of the antihelix to weaken the cartilage and to recreate the antihelical fold.  Furnas altered the depth of the concha by placing matress sutures from the full thickness of posterior conchal cartilage to the mastoid fascia.  These sutures compress the posterior wall of the concha against the mastoid prominence, reducing conchal projection.

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