Head & Neck: Tumors

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1.  Define the following:  radical neck dissection, modified radical neck dissection, functional neck dissection, selective neck dissection, supraomohyoid neck dissection.  Review the common incisions for neck dissections and any proper names that might go with them.

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2.  Review radiation in McCarthy.  Define alpha, beta, gamma, x-rays, orthovoltage, supervoltage, and brachytherapy.  How does RT affect tissue?  When do you operate after radiation?  When do you start radiation after an operation?  What are the common indications for which you would give radiation after a head and neck operation?  Before surgery?

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3.  Tell us how to stage an oral or lip cancer vs. a laryngeal cancer.  How does staging help you?  How will we remember the TNM system?

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4.  Make a chart for us with lip, tongue, floor of mouth, paranasal sinus, hypopharynx, and laryngeal cancers.  Tell us the percent positive nodes of each, the five-year survival, and the optimal treatment.

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5.  You have a lip cancer.  What will you do?

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6.  You have a floor of mouth cancer.  What will you do?

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7.  You have an Andy Gump deformity.  What are you reconstructive options?

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8.  What do you do when you can't find the primary lesion and the patient has postitive nodes in the neck?  What procedures would you do to look for the primary?  What is the eventual outcome of these patients?

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9.  Review the benign parotid tumors.  Make a chart for us with the incidence, histology, presentation, surgery, and general outcome.

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10.  Review the malignant parotid tumors as above with the same information.

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11.  A patient has a suspected parotid mass.  What pre-op work-up would you do?  MRI?  CT?  Fine needle biopsy?  Are fine needle biopsies correct?  Does it spread tumor?

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12.  What is the most common diagnosis of a mass in the submandibular gland?  What is the most common diagnosis of a minor salivary gland mass?  How do these patients do?

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13.  Your first facelift patient develops a parotid fistula on one side and Frey’s syndrome on the other side.  What should you do?

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14.  Your free flap patient complains of parotid pain and swelling two days after surgery.  The skin over the parotid is warm and the patient is febrile.  What will you do for diagnosis and treatment?

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15.  A patient has a parotid laceration secondary to a stab wound.  What do you do if the gland and/or the duct is lacerated?

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16.  What are the indications for sacrificing the facial nerve in a parotidectomy?  What will you do to reconstruct it?

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17.  Discuss the common parotid masses in children.

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18.  You have leukoplakia on the floor of your mouth.  What should you do?  Erythroplakia?

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19.  Discuss the prognostic indicators of ploidy, DNA levels, progesterone receptors, ferritin, IgA.  What is cyfra 21-1?

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20.  Read about AIDS and lymphoepithelial lesions.  (Amer J Surgery 1991; 162:324 1991)

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21.  What is the frequency of tumor type and malignancy in minor salivary glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands?

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