Answer:
Port-wine stains are capillary vascular malformations. They occur in 3 children per 1000 births. A port-wine stain is flat and sharply demarcated and grows proportionately with the child. With aging, the surface of the port-wine stain often becomes studded with nodular lesions; in addition, soft tissue and skeletal hypertrophy become more obvious. The treatment of port-wine stains include scarification, camouflage, surgical excision, or laser therapy. Scarification includes making multiple parallel incisions, electric current attache to acupunture needles, electrocoagulation, rubbing with sandpaper and freezing. None of these methods gives satisfactory results. Camouflage includes tattooing and cosmetics. Even with sophisticated color matching, the results are disappointing and no longer recommended. There are two well-known products for external camouflage Covermark and Dermablend. The disadvantage is the daily use demands. Surgical excision often requires skin grafting or tissue expansion. Finally port-wine stains can be treated with argon laser or flash-lamp pumped pulsed dye laser. A lightening of 50 to 80 percent occurs in two-thirds of the patients. Complications include hypopigmentation, skin texture change, and hypertrophic scarring.