Lower Extremity

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1.  Define the Gustilo classification of open fractures.

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2.  What are the signs of a compartment syndrome?  How do you measure the pressure?  What number is too high?  How do you decompress it?  Can you get a compartment syndrome in the thigh?

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3.  For a suspected transection of the femoral, sciatic, tibial, and common peroneal nerves, tell us where to test the muscle and sensory functions.  What would be the long-term deformity of each injury?  What are the results of repair of these nerves?

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4.  You do a free fibula to a mandible.  What defect will be present in the leg?  (J Bone & Joint Surg 1990; 72:129)

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5.  Discuss the controversy over the timing of free flaps and lower leg trauma.

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6.  Describe the various methods for bony reconstruction of a tibial defect.  Include cancellous grafting, free fibula, Ilizarov lengthening.

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7.  You need to do a cross leg flap.  How do you do it?  (Proceedings Royal Soc. Med 1972; 65:2, PRS 1983; 74:843)

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8.  What is the outcome of leg replants?

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9.  An 80-year-old patient presents to you with a distal third tib-fib fracture.  Should you do a free flap?  What is the outcome of lower limb salvage in the elderly?  (Clinics in Plastic Surgery, July 1991)

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10.  Describe the use of lower leg fasciocutaneous flaps.  Do they work?  Should they be delayed?  How should they be designed in the leg?

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11.  Discuss sclerotherapy in legs for varicose veins.

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12.  Discuss foot flap options for malleolus, heel, non-weight bearing mid-sole, distal plantar surface and dorsum.  (Clinics in Plastic Surgery, October 1996)

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13.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various levels of amputation.

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14.  Do free flaps work for defects of the foot?  (PRS 1985; 75:627)

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15.  What is the cost of lower limb free flap salvage?  (PRS 1992; 89:478)

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16.  Can your anastomosis be distal to the injury?  (PRS 1997; 99:1068)

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17.  Discuss the use of the tibialis anterior muscle flap.

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18.  How should a diabetic foot ulcer be treated?

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19.  How should chronic venous ulcers be treated?

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